Progesterone is an endogenous sex hormone that regulates the menstrual cycle, prepares the body for pregnancy, and supports reproductive health.Â
Role in the Body and Cycle
Menstrual Cycle: Progesterone levels rise during the second half of the cycle (the luteal phase) after ovulation occurs. It thickens the uterine lining to prepare for a potential fertilized egg. If pregnancy does not happen, levels drop and trigger menstruation.Â
Pregnancy: If an egg is fertilized, progesterone helps maintain the uterine lining and supports early fetal development.Â
Brain and Mood: Acting as a neurosteroid, it binds to brain receptors that promote calmness and sleep.
Medical Uses and Supplements
Hormone Therapy: Used alongside estrogen in menopausal hormone therapy to protect the uterine lining from over-thickening.Â
Regulation: Prescribed to treat irregular periods, amenorrhea (stopping of menstrual periods), or abnormal bleeding.Â
Fertility: Utilized in specific assisted reproductive protocols to support early pregnancy.Â